- Heckman M.A. et al. (2010): Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) in foods: a comprehensive review on consumption, functionality, safety, and regulatory matters.J Food Sci, 75:R77-87.
- Illy A. et al. (1995): Espresso Coffee. The chemistry of quality.Academic Press,
- Harland B.F. (2000): Caffeine and nutrition.Nutrition, 7/8:522-526.
- EFSA (2015): Scientific Opinion on the Safety of Caffeine, EFSA Journal, 13(5):4102
- Nehlig A. (2016): Effects of coffee/caffeine on brain health and disease: What should I tell my patients? Pract Neurol, 16(2):89-95
- EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) (2011): Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to caffeine and increased fat oxidation leading to a reduction in body fat mass (ID 735, 1484), increased energy expenditure leading to a reduction in body weight (ID 1487), increased alertness (ID 736, 1101, 1187, 1485, 1491, 2063, 2103) and increased attention (ID 736, 1485, 1491, 2375) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061.EFSA Journal, 9(4):2054.
- Fredholm B.B. et al. (1999): Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use.Pharmacol Rev, 51:83-133.
- Porkka-Heiskanen T. (2011): Methylxanthines and sleep.Handb Exp Pharmacol, 200:331-48.
- Clark I. and Landolt H.P. (2016): Coffee, Caffeine, and Sleep. Sleep Med Rev, 31:70-78.
- Ker K. et al. (2010): Caffeine for the prevention of injuries and errors in shift workers. Cochrane Database SystRev, (5):CD008508.
- Schweitzer P.K. et al. (2006): Laboratory and field studies of naps and caffeine as practical countermeasures for sleep-wake problems associated with night work. Sleep, 29(1):39-50.
- Philip P. et al. (2006): The effects of coffee and napping on night time highway driving: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med, 144:785-91.
- Mets M.A. et al. (2012): Effects of coffee on driving performance during prolonged simulated highway driving. Psychopharmacol, 222(2):337-42.
- McHill A.W. et al. (2014): Effects of caffeine on skin and core temperatures, alertness, and recovery sleep during circadian misalignment. J Biol Rhythms,29(2):131-43.
- Arendt J. (2009): Managing jet lag: Some of the problems and possible new solutions. Sleep Med Rev, 13:249-56.
- Nehlig A. (2017): Interindividual differences in caffeine metabolism and factors driving caffeine consumption. Pharmacol Rev, 70(2):384-411
- Yang A. et al. (2010): Genetics of caffeine consumption and responses to caffeine. Psychopharmacol, 211(3):245-257.
- Marks V, Kelly J.F. (1973): Absorption of caffeine from tea, coffee and coca cola. Lancet 1(7807):827.
- Arnaud M.J. (2011): Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of natural methylxanthines in animal and man. Handb Exp Pharmacol, (200):33-91.
- George J. et al. (1986): Influence of alcohol and caffeine consumption on caffeine elimination. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 13:731-736.
- Chen Y. et al. (2009): Simultaneous action of the flavonoid quercetin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, CYP2A6, N-acetyltransferase and xanthine oxidase activity in healthy volunteers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 36:828-833.
- Djordjevic N. et al. (2008): Induction of CYP1A2 by heavy coffee consumption in Serbs and Swedes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 64:381-385.
- Scott N.R. et al. (1988): Caffeine clearance and biotransformation in patients with chronic liver disease. Clin Sci (Lond), 74:377-384.
- Desmond P.V. et al. (1980): Impaired elimination of caffeine in cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci, 25:193-197.
- Kalow W., Tang B.K. (1991): Caffeine as a metabolic probe: exploration of the enzyme-inducing effect of cigarette smoking. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 49:44-48.
- Parsons W.D., Neims A.H. (1978): Effect of smoking on caffeine clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 24:40-45.
- Brown C.R. et al. (1988): Changes in rate and pattern of caffeine metabolism after cigarette abstinence. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 43(5)488-91.
- Fuhr U. et al. (1993): Inhibitory effect of grapefruit juice and its bitter principal, naringenin, on CYP1A2 dependent metabolism of caffeine in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 35:431-436.
- Fuhr U. et al. (1995): Lacking effect of grapefruit juice on theophylline pharmacokinetics. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 33:311-314.
- Lampe J.W. et al. (2000): Brassica vegetables increase and apiaceous vegetables decrease cytochrome P450 1A2 activity in humans: changes in caffeine metabolite ratios in response to controlled vegetable diets. Carcinogenesis, 21:1157-1162.
- Blanchard J., Hochman D. (1984): Effects of vitamin C on caffeine pharmacokinetics in young and aged guinea pigs. Drug Nutrient Interactions, 2:243-255.
- Chen Y. et al. (2009): Effect of sodium tanshinone II A sulfonate on the activity of CYP1A2 in healthy volunteers. Xenobiotica, 39:508-513.
- Yu T. et al. (2016): Pregnancy-induced changes in the pharmacokinetics of caffeine and its metabolites.J Clin Pharmacol, 56:590-596.
- Bologa M. et al. (1991): Pregnancy-induced changes in drug metabolism in epileptic women.J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 257:735-740.
- Arnaud M.J. (1993): Metabolism of caffeine and other components of coffee, in Caffeine, Coffee and Health (Garattini S ed), pp 43–95.
- Le Marchand L. et al. (1997): Lifestyle and nutritional correlates of cytochrome CYP1A2 activity: inverse associations with plasma lutein and alpha-tocopherol. Pharmacogenetics, 7:11-19.
- Nash H. (1966): Physiological effects and alcohol-antagonising properties of caffeine. Quart J Stud Alc, 27:727-734.
- Howland J. et al. (2011): The acute effects of caffeinated versus non-caffeinated alcoholic beverage on driving performance and attention/reaction time. Addiction, 106:335-341.
- Liguori A.,Robinson J.H. (2001): Caffeine antagonism of alcohol-induced driving impairment. Drug Alcohol Depend, 63:123-129.
- Retey J.V. et al. (2007): A genetic variation in the adenosine A2A receptor gene (ADORA2A) contributes to individual sensitivity to caffeine effects on sleep. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 81:692–8.
- Renda G. et al. (2012): Genetic determinants of blood pressure responses to caffeine drinking. AJCN, 95(1):241-248.
- Popat R.A. et al. (2011): Coffee, ADORA2A, and CYP1A2: the caffeine connection in Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Neurol, 18:756-765.
- Denden S. et al. (2016): Gender and ethnicity modify the association between the CYP1A2 rs762551 polymorphism and habitual coffee intake: evidence from a meta-analysis. Genet Mol Res, 15(2).
- Cornelis M.C. et al. (2007): Genetic polymorphism of the adenosine A2A receptor is associated with habitual caffeine consumption. Am J Clin Nutr, 86:240–4.
- Nehlig A. (1999): Are we dependent upon coffee and caffeine? A review on human and animal data.Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 23(4):563-76
- Byrne E.M. et al. (2012): A genome-wide association study of caffeine-related sleep disturbance: confirmation of a role for a common variant in the adenosine receptor.Sleep, 35(7):967-75.
- Alsene K. et al. (2003): Association between A2A receptor gene polymorphisms and caffeine-induced anxiety.Neuropsychopharmacology, 28(9):1694-702.
- Rogers P.J. et al. (2010): Association of the anxiogenic and alerting effects of caffeine with ADORA2A and ADORA1 polymorphisms and habitual level of caffeine consumption.Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(9):1973-83.
- Booth D.A. et al. (1992): Personal benefits from post-ingestional actions of dietary constituents. Proc Nutr Soc,51:335–341.
- French J.A. et al. (1994): Caffeine and mood: individual differences in low-dose caffeine sensitivity. Appetite,22:277–279.
- Breda J.J et al. (2014): Energy drink consumption in Europe: a review of the risks, adverse health effects, and policy options to respond.Frontiers in Public Health, 2:1-5
- EFSA (2011): ‘The EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database’ Available at: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/datexfoodcdb/datexfooddb.htm
- Mitchell D.C. et al. (2014): Beverage caffeine intakes in the U.S.Food & Chemical Toxicology, 63:136-142
- Branum A.M. et al. (2014): Trends in caffeine intake among U.S. children and adolescents,Pediatrics, 133(3):386-393
- Meltzer H M. et al. (2008): Risk assessment of caffeine among children and adolescents in the Nordic countries,Nordic Council of Ministers
- Rudolph E. et al. (2014): Caffeine intake from all sources in adolescents and young adults in Austria, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 68(7):793-8
- Ellison R.C. et al. (1995): Current caffeine intake of young children: amount and sources.J Am Diet Assoc, 95(7):802-4.
- Ruxton C.H.S. (2014): The suitability of caffeinated drinks for children: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, observational studies and expert panel guidelines, Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 27:342-357
